Ama-Servo motors namarobhothi aguqula izinhlelo zokusebenza ezingeziwe. Funda amathiphu akamuva nezinhlelo zokusebenza lapho usebenzisa i-robotic automation kanye nokulawula ukunyakaza okuthuthukisiwe kokukhiqiza okungezayo nokukhiphayo, kanye nokuthi yini elandelayo: cabanga izindlela ezihlanganisiwe ezihlanganisayo/ezikhiphayo.
UKUTHUTHUKISA NGOKUZENZAKALELAYO
NguSarah Mellish noRoseMary Burns
Ukwamukelwa kwamadivayisi okuguqula amandla, ubuchwepheshe bokulawula ukunyakaza, amarobhothi avumelana nezimo kakhulu kanye nengxube ye-eclectic yobunye ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe yizici ezibangela ukukhula okusheshayo kwezinqubo ezintsha zokwenziwa kuyo yonke indawo yezimboni. Ukushintsha indlela ama-prototypes, izingxenye kanye nemikhiqizo okwenziwa ngayo, ukukhiqizwa okungezayo nokukhiphayo kuyizibonelo ezimbili eziyinhloko ezinikeze ukusebenza kahle nokonga abakhi bafuna ukuhlala bencintisana.
Okubhekiselwa kukho njengokuphrinta kwe-3D, ukukhiqiza okungeziwe (AM) kuyindlela okungeyona yendabuko evamise ukusebenzisa idatha yedizayini yedijithali ukudala izinto eziqinile ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu ngokuhlanganisa ungqimba lwempahla ngokwesendlalelo ukusuka phansi ukuya phezulu. Imvamisa ukwenza izingxenye ze-Near-net-shape (NNS) ngaphandle kokumosha, ukusetshenziswa kwe-AM kuyo yomibili imiklamo yemikhiqizo eyisisekelo neyinkimbinkimbi kuyaqhubeka nokugcwala ezimbonini ezifana nezezimoto, i-aerospace, amandla, ezokwelashwa, ezokuthutha kanye nemikhiqizo yabathengi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, inqubo yokukhipha ihlanganisa ukukhipha izigaba kubhlokhi yezinto ngokusika okunembayo okuphezulu noma ngomshini ukuze kwakhiwe umkhiqizo we-3D.
Naphezu komehluko oyinhloko, izinqubo ezingezayo nezisusayo azihlali zikhethekile - njengoba zingasetshenziswa ukuncoma izigaba ezihlukahlukene zokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo. Imodeli yomqondo wangaphambili noma i-prototype ivamise ukudalwa inqubo yokuhlanganisa. Uma lowo mkhiqizo usuphothuliwe, kungase kudingeke amaqoqo amakhulu, okuvula umnyango wokukhiqiza okukhiphayo. Muva nje, lapho isikhathi siwumongo khona, kusetshenziswa izindlela eziyingxube zokuhlanganisa/okususayo ezintweni ezifana nokulungisa izingxenye ezilimele/ezigugile noma ukudala izingxenye zekhwalithi ezinesikhathi esincane sokuhola.
IYAQHUBEKA PHAMBILI
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo eziqinile zamakhasimende, abakhi bahlanganisa inqwaba yezinto zocingo ezifana nensimbi engagqwali, i-nickel, i-cobalt, i-chrome, i-titanium, i-aluminium nezinye izinsimbi ezingafani ekwakhiweni kwengxenye yabo, baqala nge-substrate ethambile kodwa eqinile futhi baqede nge-hard, wear. -ingxenye engazweli. Ngokwengxenye, lokhu kwembule isidingo sezixazululo zokusebenza okuphezulu kokukhiqiza okukhulu kanye nekhwalithi kuzo zombili izindawo zokukhiqiza ezingezayo nezikhiphayo, ikakhulukazi lapho izinqubo ezifana nokukhiqizwa kwe-wire arc additive (WAAM), i-WAAM-subtractive, i-laser cladding-subtractive noma umhlobiso ithintekayo. Okugqamile kufaka phakathi:
- I-Advanced Servo Technology:Ukuze ubhekane kangcono nemigomo yesikhathi ukuya emakethe kanye nokucaciswa kwedizayini yekhasimende, lapho ukunemba kobukhulu kanye nekhwalithi yokuqeda kuthinteka, abasebenzisi bokugcina baphendukela kumaphrinta e-3D athuthukile anamasistimu e-servo (amamotho angaphezulu kwesitebhisi) ukuze bathole ukulawula ukunyakaza okugcwele. Izinzuzo zama-servo motors, njenge-Yaskawa's Sigma-7, ziphendulela inqubo yokwengeza ekhanda, ukusiza abaqambi banqobe izinkinga ezivamile ngamakhono okuthuthukisa iphrinta:
- Ukucindezelwa kokudlidliza: ama-servo motors aqinile aqhosha ngezihlungi zokucindezela ukudlidliza, kanye nezihlungi ze-anti-resonance kanye ne-notch, ezinikeza ukunyakaza okushelela kakhulu okungasusa imigqa enyathelwe engabonakali engathandeki ebangelwa i-stepper motor torque ripple.
- Ukuthuthukisa isivinini: isivinini sokuphrinta esingu-350 mm/isekhondi manje sesingokoqobo, ngaphezu kokuphinda kabili isivinini esimaphakathi sokuphrinta sephrinta ye-3D kusetshenziswa i-stepper motor. Ngokufanayo, isivinini sokuhamba esingafika ku-1,500 mm/sec singafinyelelwa kusetshenziswa i-rotary noma kufika kumamitha angu-5/isekhondi kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-servo. Amandla okusheshisa ashesha kakhulu ahlinzekwa ngama-servos asebenza kahle kakhulu enza amakhanda okuphrinta e-3D ahanjiswe ezindaweni zawo ezifanele ngokushesha okukhulu. Lokhu kuhamba indlela ende ekudambiseni isidingo sokwehlisa isistimu yonke ukuze ifinyelele ikhwalithi yokuqeda efiselekayo. Ngokulandelayo, lokhu kuthuthukiswa kokulawula ukunyakaza kuphinde kusho ukuthi abasebenzisi bokugcina bangakha izingxenye eziningi ngehora ngaphandle kokudela ikhwalithi.
- Ukushuna okuzenzakalelayo: amasistimu e-servo angenza ngokuzimela ukushuna kwawo ngokwezifiso, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukujwayela izinguquko kumakhenikha wephrinta noma ukuhluka kwinqubo yokuphrinta. Amamotho e-3D stepper awasebenzisi impendulo yendawo, okwenza kucishe kungenzeki ukunxephezela izinguquko ezinqubweni noma ukungezwani kumakhenikha.
- Impendulo yesifaki khodi: amasistimu e-servo aqinile anikeza impendulo ephelele yesifaki khodi adinga kuphela ukwenza isimiso sasekhaya kanye, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwesikhathi okukhulu nokonga kwezindleko. Amaphrinta e-3D asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-stepper motor ayinaso lesi sici futhi adinga ukugcinwa ekhaya ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho enikwa amandla.
- Inzwa yempendulo: i-extruder yephrinta ye-3D ngokuvamile ingaba ibhodlela enqubweni yokuphrinta, futhi i-stepper motor ayinalo ikhono lokuzwa impendulo ukuze ithole i-extruder jam - okushodayo okungaholela ekonakaleni kwawo wonke umsebenzi wokuphrinta. Unalokhu engqondweni, amasistimu e-servo angakwazi ukubona ama-backups e-extruder futhi avimbele ukukhumula imicu. Isihluthulelo sokusebenza okuphakeme kokuphrinta ukuba nesistimu ye-loop evaliwe egxile eduze kwesishumeki se-optical sokulungiswa okuphezulu. Amamotho e-Servo ane-24-bit absolute high-resolution encoder angahlinzeka ngamabhithi angu-16,777,216 okulungiswa kwempendulo yeluphu evaliwe ukuze kube nokunemba okukhulu kwe-eksisi ne-extruder, kanye nokuvumelanisa nokuvikelwa kwe-jam.
- Amarobhothi Asebenza Kakhulu:Njengoba nje ama-servo motors aqinile eguqula izinhlelo ezingeziwe, kunjalo namarobhothi. Ukusebenza kwawo okuhle kakhulu kwendlela, ukwakheka kwemishini eqinile kanye nezilinganiso zokuvikela uthuli oluphezulu (IP) - kuhlanganiswe nokulawula okuthuthukisiwe kokudlidliza kanye nekhono le-multi-axis - kwenza amarobhothi e-axis aguquguquke kakhulu abe inketho ekahle yezinqubo ezidingekayo ezizungeze ukusetshenziswa kwe-3D. amaphrinta, kanye nezenzo ezibalulekile zokukhiqiza okukhiphayo kanye nezindlela ezihlanganisiwe ezihlanganisayo/ezisusayo.
I-Robotic automation ehambisana nemishini yokuphrinta ye-3D ihlanganisa kabanzi ukuphatha izingxenye eziphrintiwe ekufakweni kwemishini eminingi. Kusukela ekuthululeni izingxenye ngazinye emshinini wokuphrinta, kuya ekuhlukaniseni izingxenye ngemva komjikelezo wokuphrinta wezingxenye eziningi, amarobhothi avumelana nezimo kakhulu futhi asebenza kahle athuthukisa ukusebenza ukuze kube nenzuzo enkulu yokukhiqiza kanye nokukhiqiza.
Ngokuphrinta kwe-3D yendabuko, amarobhothi ayasiza ngokuphathwa kwempushana, ukugcwalisa kabusha impushana yephrinta lapho kudingeka futhi asuse impushana ezingxenyeni eziqediwe. Ngokufanayo, enye ingxenye yemisebenzi yokuqeda edume ngokwenziwa kwensimbi njengokugaya, ukupholishwa, ukukhipha noma ukusika ifinyelelwa kalula. Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi, kanye nezidingo zokupakishwa nezokuthutha nakho kuhlangatshezwana nazo ngqo ngobuchwepheshe berobhothi, okukhulula abenzi bokwenza izinto ukuze bagxilise isikhathi sabo emsebenzini owengezwe inani eliphakeme, njengokwenziwa ngokwezifiso.
Ezindaweni zokusebenza ezinkudlwana, amarobhothi ezimboni afinyelela isikhathi eside asetshenziswa ukuhambisa ngokuqondile ikhanda lephrinta ye-3D. Lokhu, ngokuhlangana namathuluzi azungezile afana nezisekelo ezizungezayo, okokumisa, amathrekhi emigqa, ama-gantries nokunye, kunikeza indawo yokusebenza edingekayo ukuze kudalwe izakhiwo zefomu lamahhala lendawo. Ngaphandle kwe-prototyping yakudala esheshayo, amarobhothi asetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezingxenye ezinkulu zevolumu yamahhala, amafomu esikhunta, ukwakhiwa kwe-truss okumise okwe-3D kanye nezingxenye ezixubile eziyifomethi enkulu. - Izilawuli zomshini we-Multi-axis:Ubuchwepheshe obusha bokuxhuma ama-axes angu-62 okunyakaza endaweni eyodwa manje benza ukuvumelanisa okuningi kohlu olubanzi lwamarobhothi ezimboni, amasistimu e-servo kanye namadrayivu ahlukahlukene asetshenziswa ezinqubweni ezingezayo, ezikhiphayo nezixubileyo kwenzeke. Umndeni wonke wamadivayisi manje ungasebenza ndawonye ngaphandle komthungo ngaphansi kokulawula okuphelele nokuqapha kwe-PLC (I-Programmable Logic Controller) noma isilawuli somshini we-IEC, njenge-MP3300iec. Ngokuvamile ukuhlelwa ngephakeji yesofthiwe ye-61131 IEC enamandla, njenge-MotionWorks IEC, izinkundla ezichwepheshile ezifana nalezi zisebenzisa amathuluzi ajwayelekile (okungukuthi, amakhodi e-RepRap G, i-Function Block Diagram, Structured Text, Ladder Diagram, njll.). Ukuze kube lula ukuhlanganiswa okulula nokwandisa isikhathi somshini, amathuluzi enziwe ngomumo njengesinxephezelo sokuleveliya kombhede, ukulawulwa kwangaphambili kwengcindezi ye-extruder, ukulawulwa kokuphotha okuningi kanye nokulawula kwe-extruder kufakiwe.
- I-Advanced Manufacturing User Interfaces:Kuzuzisa kakhulu izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuphrinta kwe-3D, ukusika umumo, ithuluzi lomshini namarobhothi, amaphakheji esofthiwe ahlukahlukene angaletha ngokushesha isixhumi esibonakalayo somshini wezithombe okulula ukuwenza, okuhlinzeka indlela eya ekusebenzelaneni kwezinto ezihlukahlukene okukhulu. Idizayinelwe ngobuhlakani kanye nokwenza kahle engqondweni, izinkundla ezinembile, njenge-Yaskawa Compass, zivumela abakhiqizi ukuthi bafake amabhrendi futhi benze ngokwezifiso izikrini kalula. Kusukela ekufakeni izibaluli zomshini oyinhloko kuye ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo zekhasimende, kudingeka ukuhlela okuncane - njengoba la mathuluzi ehlinzeka ngelabhulali ebanzi yama-plug-in e-C# eyakhelwe ngaphambili noma anike amandla ukungeniswa kwama-plug-in angokwezifiso.
PHUKA PHEZULU
Nakuba izinqubo zokwengeza kanye nezikhiphayo zisalokhu zidumile, ukushintshela endleleni eyingxube yokuhlanganisa/yokususa kuzokwenzeka phakathi neminyaka embalwa ezayo. Kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esiyinhlanganisela (CAGR) samaphesenti ayi-14.8 ngo-20271, imakethe yomshini wokukhiqiza ohlanganisayo oyingxubevange isilungele ukuhlangabezana nokukhuphuka kwezimfuno zamakhasimende. Ukuze bakhuphuke ngaphezu komncintiswano, abakhiqizi kufanele balinganise ubuhle nobubi bendlela eyingxube yokusebenza kwabo. Ngokukwazi ukukhiqiza izingxenye njengoba kudingeka, ekuncishisweni okukhulu kwekhabhoni, inqubo ye-hybrid additive/ subtractive ihlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezithile ezikhangayo. Noma kunjalo, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe balezi zinqubo akufanele bushaywe indiva futhi kufanele busetshenziswe ezitezi zezitolo ukuze kube lula ukukhiqiza okukhulu kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-13-2021
